Respiratory syncytial trojan (RSV) primarily causes bronchiolitis and pneumonia in babies. Nuclear membrane was disintegrated and nuclear volume was decreased. The chromatin of the RSV infected cells was condensed progressing towards degeneration via pyknosis and apoptosis. Membrane protrusions of ~150-200 nm diameter were observed on RSV infected cells after 6 h suggestive of prospective RSV budding sites. To our knowledge this is the 1st study of RSV illness process using atomic push microscopy. Such morphological studies could help explore viral illness process aiding the development of anti-RSV therapies. class of family and is one of the leading causes of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in babies (Collins 1999 Hacking & Hull 2002 RSV has a single-strand negative-sense RNA genome consisting of 10 genes encoding for 11 proteins of which the attachment glycoprotein (G) and fusion protein (F) are crucial for viral attachment to the sponsor and its access into the sponsor cell. Although G protein is responsible for the attachment the F Procyanidin B3 protein is essential for the fusion budding and FA-H launch of the disease (Ogra 2004 Costello et al. 2012 Once RSV is definitely attached to the web host cell it fuses using the web host cell membrane through its F proteins. Although the system of RSV an infection is not obviously understood predicated on the most frequent system nucleocapsid enters the web host cell through F proteins via clathrin-mediated endocytosis (Collins & Graham 2008 That is followed by entrance of viral RNA into web host cells replication and genome appearance; these occasions are limited by the cytoplasm from the web host and cytoplasmic organelles aren’t included (Collins 1999 Hacking & Hull 2002 As chlamydia proceeds the cells begin losing their quality shape to allow syncytia development. The virions get a lipid envelope and exude in the web host cell through budding (Collins & Graham 2008 The RSV pathogenesis escalates due to the destruction from the epithelial cells by disease replication resulting in edema mucus secretion influx of immune cells Procyanidin B3 such as lymphocytes and macrophages. It has been widely known that the pathogenesis of RSV is related to the host cell and its immune response (González et al. 2012 Significant progress has been made in the understanding of RSV infection its pathogenesis host cell interaction molecular signalling involved in programmed cell death and adaptive and innate immunity (Oshansky et al. 2009 Several cellular models have been used Procyanidin B3 to understand the underlying mechanisms of RSV infection viral culture and propagation including human epidermoid cell line type 2 (HEp-2) and the African green monkey kidney cell line Vero (Collins 1999 Apart from molecular and immunological perspective several microscopic studies have also been conducted using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (EM) revealing the structure and intracellular details of an RSV infected cell. EM is an excellent imaging method to study virion structure in detail (Norrby et al. 1970 Bachi & Howe 1973 EM has been used to study the arrangement of various proteins in RSV such as G GM1 and Rho A their role in the RSV infection (Jeffree et al. 2003 Gower et al. 2005 and maturation of viral progeny at the polarized cells (Roberts et al. 1995 Human RSV differs from that of bovine RSV in having the ‘bridging effect’ Procyanidin B3 because of the aggregation of RSV particles while evading the host ovine kidney cells (Belanger et al. 1988 Although EM provides Procyanidin B3 great specifics about the viral structure it is limited regarding the three dimensional analysis of the virus and/or the virus infected cell. Also the sample preparation might have adverse effects on the real time analysis of the virus and its host (Bachi & Howe 1973 Chen 2007 Therefore to obviate this problem researchers have utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) in the study of host-pathogen interactions as well as in the analysis of the pathogen itself. Several applications of AFM have been reported in the fields of biology and biomedicine (Chang et al. 2012 Recently AFM has been used for studying the physicochemical properties of intact and.