Supplementary Materialsoncotarget-08-40412-s001. regulator of cell signaling, already described in several cancer types as a metastasis suppressor. By combining ELISA, immunoblotting and tissue microarray, we demonstrated that, in ccRCC, urinary excretion of RKIP and its phosphorylated form (p-RKIP) reflected the tissue expression of these putative biomarkers. Baseline urinary RKIP, evaluated in an independent cohort of 56 ccRCC patients and 28 HS, successfully distinguished both groups and, most importantly, a cut-off value of 10 ng/mg/g Pr/uCr enabled a highly accurate prediction of Cancer-specific survival and Progression-free survival. Furthermore, p-RKIP was totally undetectable in both tissue and urine samples of ccRCC, showing a great potential for diagnostics purposes. Our data indicate that urinary RKIP encompasses both the unphosphorylated and the phosphorylated form and that their combined evaluation can help in the diagnosis and prognosis of ccRCC. 0.10 based on likelihood ratio tests was performed. A em P /em -value 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The present work has been financed by the project Strategie innovative ad alta tecnologia per lo studio del carcinoma renale. Uso degli OMICS e della biologia dei sistemi per lo sviluppo di nuovi biomarkers granted to E.R. (code RBAP11B2SX ) of the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MIUR). SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS FIGURES AND TABLES Click here to view.(3.0M, pdf) Click here to view.(31K, docx) Acknowledgments We thank Prof. Tommaso Cassano (Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia) for providing rat cerebellum as positive control for RKIP; Dr. Nico Papantonio and Dr. Federica Cataneo (Section of Nephrology, Dept. of Surgery and Medical Sciences, University of Foggia) for their support in the assessment of urine creatinine of ccRCC and PCa patients and clinical data of CKD patients; Dr. Leonarda Varraso (Section of Clinical Pathology, Dept. of Surgery and Medical Sciences, University of Foggia) for her technical support in selection and preparation of kidney tissue specimens of CKD group included in the TMA analysis; Dr. Eustacchio Montemurno (Section of Nephrology, Dept. of Emergency and Organ Transplantation-University of Bari) for his technical support with image editing and Dr. Mary Victoria Pagnell for the linguistic review. Footnotes CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Massimo Papale and Elena Ranieri are currently shareholders of FLUIDIA srl a biotech startup that posted a patent software for a fresh approach to RKIP/p-RKIP dimension in biological examples. (Candidate FLUIDIA srl; Inventor: Massimo Papale). Financing The article can be FLJ14936 published using the contribution on 51000 from the IRPEF Account for the College or university of Foggia, in memory space of Gianluca Montel. Sources 1. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal LEE011 tyrosianse inhibitor A. Tumor figures, 2016. CA Tumor J Clin. 2016;66:7C30. [PubMed] LEE011 tyrosianse inhibitor [Google Scholar] 2. Hunt JD, vehicle der Hel OL, McMillan GP, Boffetta P, Brennan P. Renal cell carcinoma with regards to using tobacco: meta-analysis of 24 research. LEE011 tyrosianse inhibitor Int J Tumor. 2005;114:101C08. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 3. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, Heller RF, Zwahlen M. Body-mass index and occurrence of tumor: a organized review and meta-analysis of potential observational research. Lancet. 2008;371:569C78. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 4. Weikert S, Boeing H, Pischon T, Weikert C, Olsen A, Tjonneland A, Overvad K, Becker N, Linseisen J, Trichopoulou A, Mountokalakis T, Trichopoulos D, Sieri S, et al. Bloodstream risk and pressure of renal cell carcinoma in the Western prospective analysis into tumor and nutrition. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167:438C46. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 5. Vavallo A, Simone S, Lucarelli G, Rutigliano M, Galleggiante V, Grandaliano G, Gesualdo L, Campagna M, Cariello M, Ranieri E, Pertosa G, Lastilla G, Selvaggi FP, et al. Pre-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus can be an 3rd party risk element for mortality and development in individuals with LEE011 tyrosianse inhibitor renal cell carcinoma. Medication (Baltimore) 2014;93:e183. [PMC free of charge content] [PubMed] [Google.